Enterprise Investment Scheme quietly gets the nod over VCT 

Earlier this year in FT Adviser, David Mott, our Founder Partner, set out the case for strengthening EIS, including higher limits so serious investors could commit more capital through the scheme rather than being pushed into less efficient structures. We argued for higher individual allowances. The Chancellor has not moved there yet, but the direction of travel is clear.

What we did get is:

  • Higher company limits for EIS and VCT from April 2026
  • A cut in VCT income tax relief to 20%
  • EIS income tax relief left at 30%

One disappointment is that the EIS age limit for qualifying companies has not been relaxed, which keeps some later-developing businesses, especially outside London and the South East, on the wrong side of the line.

For the next tax year and beyond, that is a very explicit signal. If you want 30% income tax relief for backing UK growth companies, the favoured route is now EIS, not VCT. The Treasury has increased the capacity for companies to raise under the schemes while pushing investors toward the structure that puts new risk capital directly into startups and scale ups.

For our corner of the market this matters. Oxford University produces more spinouts than any other university in the country, and many of those companies now raise larger rounds later in their journey. Higher EIS company limits mean:

  • More Oxford spinouts and scale ups can remain EIS eligible for longer
  • Later stage rounds can still sit inside the EIS framework
  • Larger individual tickets can be deployed into more mature businesses, not only into very early seed

That opens up a wider opportunity set for investors who want exposure to Oxford’s science and technology pipeline with EIS terms attached. It tilts the playing field toward putting more money directly into high growth companies, rather than into pooled VCT structures where relief has just been cut.

“For years we have argued that EIS should do more of the heavy lifting on early-stage capital. This Budget moves in that direction. Income tax relief on VCT relief drops to 20% but remains at 30% for EIS, which signals a clear preference for fresh risk capital going through EIS rather than VCT. The Chancellor has also increased support for scale-ups by expanding EIS qualifying criteria: increased investment and gross assets test limits means we can continue to fund early stage companies through EIS for longer. Perhaps most importantly, this is a ringing endorsement for EIS from this government.”

David Mott, Founder Partner, Oxford Capital

Estimated reading time: 2 min

 

Due to the potential for losses, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) considers this investment to be high risk.

What are the key risks?

  1. You could lose all the money you invest
    1. If the business you invest in fails, you are likely to lose 100% of the money you invested. Most start-up businesses fail.
  2. You are unlikely to be protected if something goes wrong
    1. Protection from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS), in relation to claims against failed regulated firms, does not cover poor investment performance. Try the FSCS investment protection checker here.
    2. Protection from the Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS) does not cover poor investment performance. If you have a complaint against an FCA-regulated firm, FOS may be able to consider it. Learn more about FOS protection here.
  3. You won’t get your money back quickly
    1. Even if the business you invest in is successful, it may take several years to get your money back. You are unlikely to be able to sell your investment early.
    2. The most likely way to get your money back is if the business is bought by another business or lists its shares on an exchange such as the London Stock Exchange. These events are not common.
    3. If you are investing in a start-up business, you should not expect to get your money back through dividends. Start-up businesses rarely pay these.
  4. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
    1. Putting all your money into a single business or type of investment for example, is risky. Spreading your money across different investments makes you less dependent on any one to do well.
    2. A good rule of thumb is not to invest more than 10% of your money in high-risk investments. https://www.fca.org.uk/investsmart/5-questions-ask-you-invest
  5. The value of your investment can be reduced
    1. The percentage of the business that you own will decrease if the business issues more shares. This could mean that the value of your investment reduces, depending on how much the business grows. Most start-up businesses issue multiple rounds of shares.
    2. These new shares could have additional rights that your shares don’t have, such as the right to receive a fixed dividend, which could further reduce your chances of getting a return on your investment.

 

If you are interested in learning more about how to protect yourself, visit the FCA’s website here.